- Industry: Education
- Number of terms: 1674
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The University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC) is a public university located on three urban campuses in Chicago. UIC ranks in the top 50 US institutions with strong research programs. The university boasts one of the largest medical schools in the US and operates Illinois’ major public medical center ...
Pigments in photoreceptors that change their conformation when they absorb a photon. The change in conformation of the photopigments in response to light is the first step in the process that leads to the photoreceptor producing a neural output. Different photopigments have different probabilities of absorbing a photon of a given wavelength and it is these differences that give rise to the different spectral sensitivity characteristics of different types of photoreceptors.
Industry:Physics
Neurons that are excited by one cone type and inhibited by another.
Industry:Physics
The inside layer of the back of the eye that contains the photoreceptors and associated neurons. The earliest stages of visual processing take place in the neurons of the retina.
Industry:Physics
A measure of how rapidly a property changes in space. A commonly used form of visual stimulus consists of vertical bars where the lightness varies according to a sinusoidal function. In this simple case the spatial frequency of the stimulus is just the frequency of the sinusoid used to generate the pattern. In general stimuli with fine detail including sharp edges have high spatial frequency while those where the stimulus properties change more slowly in space have low spatial frequency.
Industry:Physics
One of the three cone types that contribute to human color vision. The peak spectral sensitivity of the M-cones is between the peak sensitivity of the other two cone types, the L-cones and S-cones.
Industry:Physics
The phenomenon in which the perceived color of an area of a scene tends to take on a hue opposite to that of the surrounding area. Thus a grey square on a red background will take on a greenish tint.
Industry:Physics
Scattering of light off small uniform particles. Rayleigh scattering is inversely proportional to the fourth power of the wavelength consequently short wave light is much more strongly scattered than long wave light. Sunsets appear red because direct sunlight is depleted of short wavelengths on passage through the atmosphere and the sky appears blue because it is seen by scattered light which is correspondingly enriched in short wavelengths.
Industry:Physics
One billionth (10-9) of a meter. The most common unit used for characterizing the wavelength of light in visual science.
Industry:Physics
The output cells of the retina. They indirectly receive their inputs from the photoreceptors and send their outputs to the brain. There are several varieties of ganglion cells which differ in which photoreceptor types they draw their inputs from, the spatial organization of their inputs, and other factors. The axons of the ganglion cells form the optic nerve.
Industry:Physics
One of the two varieties of red-green color blindness (also known as green-dichromacy). Deuteranopia results from the loss of function of the M-cones. Deuteranopes, in contrast to protanopes (see protanopia), display essentially normal visual sensitivity throughout the spectrum.
Industry:Physics
